Kingdom of Livonia

Kingdom of Livonia
1570–1579
Coat of arms
Livonia, as shown in the 1573 map of Johannes Portantius
Status	Client state of the Tsardom of Russia
Capital	Pahlen
Government	Monarchy
King
• 1570–1579	Magnus
History
• Established	1570
• Disestablished	1579

The Kingdom of Livonia^[a] was a nominal state in what is now the territory of Estonia and Latvia. Russian tsar Ivan IV declared the establishment of the kingdom during the Livonian War of 1558–1583, but it never functioned properly as a polity.

In 1570, Magnus, Duke of Holstein was crowned in Moscow as the king of Livonia. Magnus left Moscow with a Russian army with the intention of conquering Swedish-controlled Reval, but called off the siege in 1571 after failing to capture the city. Magnus eventually fell out of favour with Ivan and defected.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).